Introduction: A heart attack (HA) occurs when a portion of the heart muscle is damaged due to an interruption in the blood supply to that part of the heart. The basic structure of the human heart, including heart arteries, is explained here. Like any other organ, the human heart needs a constant blood supply to […]
Read MoreWhat is a Cardiac Arrest (CA)? CA is a state in which the heart stops working. Due to a lack of blood supply, all essential body organs (for example, the brain, kidneys, liver, lungs, etc.) also stop working. What are the symptoms of a CA? Patients with CA are unconscious and can not talk or […]
Read More2 basics: *Iron is an essential nutrient of the human body *Low iron level (iron deficiency) is prevalent among Indians 2 reasons: *Blood loss (examples include menstrual loss, stomach ulcers, intestinal worms, etc.) *Reduced intake (restricted diet, poor oral intake) 2 tests: *Hemoglobin level (a complete profile is called Hemogram, or Complete Blood Picture – […]
Read MoreIntroduction: A billboard on Interstate 94 in Illinois (USA) read, “Your wife is hot; fix your AC”. As funny as this sounded, it emphasised the need to keep the ambient temperature cool. The health hazards of high heat are quite obvious. A simple dehydration can quickly turn into heat exhaustion. Heat cramps are often the […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Everyone should get a routine medical check-up for heart health, not just because of some sensational news of some celebrity dying due to a heart attack. Unfortunately, heart disease is prevalent, and is often unpredictable. Heart disease is responsible for the majority of the deaths and disability worldwide. Keeping our hearts healthy and happy […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Here is a simple advice I give to my patients: If you don’t have any heart problems, exercise! If you have heart problems, definitely exercise! Benefits of physical exercise: 1. Exercise helps you maintain a healthy weight. Exercise is not an efficient tool for losing weight, as explained here. Moderate to high-intensity exercise replaces […]
Read MoreIntroduction Aortic Stenosis (AS) refers to a clinical scenario where the Aortic Valve (AoV) doesn’t open well, causing an impediment to blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. This leads to the heart working against resistance which adds undue stress to the heart. If this scenario is left unchecked for a […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Anticoagulants (blood thinners) are a group of medicines that decrease the human body’s ability to form blood clots. They don’t really ‘thin’ the blood, but the term ‘blood thinner’ is often used to help people understand. The human body has an inherent capacity to form and destroy blood clots, and this process happens continuously […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Taking a direct look at the heart’s blood vessels (known as coronary arteries) is called ‘Coronary Angiography’ (CAG). Click here for more information on coronary angiography and angioplasty. Your cardiologist may suggest you undergo a CAG if he/she suspects blockages in your heart blood vessels. Such suspicion may arise from routine medical examinations or […]
Read MoreWhat is a valve? A valve is a “device for controlling the passage of fluid or air through a pipe, duct, etc.” We all have encountered valves in our lives. A tire (or Tyre) valve is one example which allows air to be injected into the tire and doesn’t allow air to escape unless it […]
Read MoreLet us decode the medical verbatim first. Below are a few commonly used terms and their meaning. Cardiac: related to heart Coronary artery: blood vessels that supply blood to the heart Angiography: the process of looking at coronary arteries Angioplasty: the process of fixing a blocked or damaged coronary artery Introduction: Your doctor may recommend […]
Read MoreThis article was initially published on TheHindu.com. Introduction: The Indian healthcare system can reasonably be characterized as low-cost by global standards but still unaffordable to most of the Indian population. For-profit private setups provide a majority of healthcare services in urban India, in the backdrop of a virtually non-existent non-profit or government establishment. With an […]
Read MoreIntroduction: While chest pain is classically associated with a heart attack, there are certain things worth noticing. Not every chest pain is a heart attack, and not every heart attack presents with chest pain. There is always some level of diagnostic uncertainty that doctors take into account before reaching a conclusion. If we leave out […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Obtaining an expert opinion is an essential component of medical decision-making. Sometimes, even after an expert opinion, one may not get satisfactory information to make an informed decision. There can be many reasons for that. While lack of expertise, trust, or empathy are valid reasons for being critical of a professional opinion, our biases […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Over the last century, medicine has evolved into a sophisticated complex science requiring a set of specialized skills to decode and analyze all the available clinical data and deduce an expert conclusion. For this reason, the entire field of medicine is divided into various sub-specialities, with each expert gaining the required depth of knowledge […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Blood cholesterol is a term often used to describe the circulating fat content in our blood. Circulating fat molecules combine with certain proteins to produce various fat-protein structures, which are labelled based on their size, weight, and role in overall metabolism. A standard blood test, called a “Lipid Profile,” typically lists all the major […]
Read MoreHere are some of the questions patients have frequently asked over the past few years. I used to have high blood pressure (BP) before. Since I started taking medicines for it, BP is now under control. Can I stop my medicines now? The fact that your BP got under control after you have been put […]
Read MoreIntroduction: TAVR or TAVI refers to a minimally invasive procedure in which an artificial bioprosthetic valve is implanted into the human heart using a catheter in a suture-less fashion. To read about heart valves, click here Transcatheter Heart Valve (THV) is an artificial valve made from the outer covering of animal hearts (called pericardium). Such […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Blood pressure (BP) is the ‘pressure’ that ‘blood’ exerts on the vessel (tubes that carry blood) wall. There are 2 basic concepts to understand. First, blood flow through the vessels is dynamic. It increases when the heart contracts, and decreases when the heart relaxes. Due to this, blood pressure also increases during heart contraction […]
Read MoreIntroduction: The cost of angioplasty had been a concern on numerous occasions and was addressed, in part, by price capping of coronary stents (metal scaffolds put inside blood vessels of the heart to keep the vessels open) in 2017 by NPPA. The overall cost of angioplasty may sometimes exceed that of cardiac bypass surgery and may […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Narrowing or blockages of the blood vessels of the heart (coronary arteries) are mostly due to cholesterol deposits and can lead to a heart attack if not managed on time. Such narrowing is referred to as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and is responsible for most lives lost across the globe. While prevention is always […]
Read MoreIntroduction: An increase in blood pressure (BP) beyond what is considered normal is called Hypertension. Hypertension is one of the most common diseases and can affect almost every organ of the human body. Hypertension is increasingly being diagnosed at a much younger age now, and far more people report poorly controlled blood pressure even on […]
Read MoreIntroduction: As blood travels through the human body’s arteries, it exerts pressure on its walls. This pressure, so-called blood pressure (BP), is maintained within an acceptable range by the body’s regulatory mechanisms. To understand the basic physiology of blood pressure, click here. Hypertension is a condition where blood pressure is consistently higher than what can […]
Read MoreIntroduction: Every new year brings blessings, hope, and…resolutions. The average lifespan of a New Year resolution is about 7 days (I made up this number), but be truthful …didn’t you promise yourself last year that you would lose weight and then celebrate the new year with pizza and beer? Let us face it, weight loss […]
Read MoreIntroduction: I am reasonably certain that most of you have, at least once, wondered when is the right time to take your medicines. It happens to be the most common question asked of doctors. While the answer is not quite straightforward, there are certain thumb rules one can apply that work in most situations. This […]
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